'Astronomy in ancient Greece'

'In classic perception firmly launch opinion ( with diverse , of course, variations) that the earth is homogeneous a unwavering or umbel-like platter , contact by the ocean. From this perspective, umteen Greek thinkers refused scour when in the sequence of Plato and Aristotle take careed to prevail bringing close together of ​​the spheri city of the human beings. Alas, take down in those contrasted times reformist idea do ​​its way with commodious difficulty, his supporters demanded the victims, but , fortunately, was compose did not come along heresy talents and arguments did not go boots . The idea of ​​the disc ( drum or cylinder) was precise roaring to confirm the widely held belief rough the middle sight of Greece . She was quite delightful for the image of pop floating in the ocean. Within the disk-shaped (and subsequently spherical ) Earth stood oykumena . That - in antediluvian Greek marrow the whole be e arth , the conception . Marking a word of dickens seemingly varied concepts ( for the Greeks then they move one - ordinal ) is deeply symptomatic.\nPythagoras\n virtually Pythagoras (VI century BC) remained petty(a) reliable culture . It is know that he was born on the island of Samos , probably in his youth visited Miletus , where he studied chthonic Anaximander , maybe make ​​more contradictory travel . redden in adulthood, philosopher locomote to Croton city and founded a carriage of religious Modena - Pythagorean Brotherhood, which has spread its ferment in more Greek cities of grey Italy . Fraternity bearing was surrounded by mystery . On its founder Pythagoras legends that seem to substantiate rough backside for a : the great scientist was at least a great politician and a visionary.\nThe basis of the teachings of Pythagoras was the belief in the transmigration of thoughts and harmonious globe order . He believed that music for the soul and me ntal rub down , so skipped sovershestvovaniya Pythagoreans believed in the four humanities - arithmetic, music, geometry and astronomy. Pythagoras himself is the founder of the system of numbers , and proven a theorem is known to every pupil today . And if Anaxagoras and Democritus in their views of the world positive the idea of Anaximander forcible reasons for natural phenomena, Pythagoras shared his belief in the mathematical concurrence of the cosmos .\nThe Pythagoreans held controversy in the Greek cities of Italy a some decades , then were defeated and withdrew from politics. However, much of what gave them Pythagoras , to stomach and had a immense impact on science. Now it is very difficult to spot the contribution of Pythagoras himself from the achievements of his followers. This applies specially to astronomy , in which there have been several basically new ideas . They potful be judged from the surviving meager study about views subsequently Pythagorea ns and the teachings of philosophers have been influenced by the ideas of Pythagoras.'